GAP has an expert team of medical oncologists and researchers which are active and dynamic in the clinical trials related with various novel therapies. The team of oncologists and researchers helps the patients in planning their treatment strategy throughout their fight in opposition to cancer.

Head and Neck cancer takes place in the region lips, sinuses, nasal cavity, throat, salivary glands, mouth, or larynx. There are various types of cancers which occur in the head and neck such as skin cancer, salivary cancer, and thyroid cancer, but the most common cancer is squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCCA). In the United States, Head and neck cancer accounts for around 3 to 5% of all the cancer.

In 2014, it was estimated that 55,070 new cases (40,220 male and 14,850 female) were developed of the head and neck cancer. Additionally, in the same year, 12,000 deaths (8,600 male and 3,400 female) were found in the United States.

The main causes of this cancer commonly are that it starts in the squamous cells which line up the moist, surfaces of mucosal surrounded by the head and neck (throat, nose, and mouth). Tobacco, smoking, HPV infection and alcohol are the most important risk factors for the head and neck cancer, particularly cancers of larynx, hypopharynx, oropharynx, and oral activity.

The treatment protocol for this type of cancer includes monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, adjuvant therapy, vaccine therapy, and adoptive cell therapy.

The FDA approved drug for the treatment of head and neck cancer is Cetuximab which is a class of monoclonal antibodies. The most common adverse effects of Cetuximab are infection, diarrhea, headache, nail changes, pruritus, and rash.

There are huge amount of drugs which are under clinical trials in phase 1, 2, 3 for FDA approval such as:

1. Monoclonal antibodies: Bevacizumab (phase 2), Nivolumab (phase 3), Ipilimumab (phase 1), Trastuzumab (phase 1, 2), Urelumab (phase 1).

2. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Erlotinib (phase 1), Lapatinib (phase 3).

3. Adjuvant immune based therapy: Leukocyte Interleukin (LI) + CIZ, LI + SOC (phase 2), VTX-2337 (phase 2), Interleukin-2 Gene (phase 2), IRX-2 (phase 2).

4. Vaccine therapy: AlloVax (Phase 1/2), Anti CEA RNA-pulsed DC cancer vaccine (phase 1), HPV-16 E7/E6peptide (phase 1), ADXS11-001 (phase 2), INO-3112 (Phase 1/2).

5. Adoptive T cell therapy: Aldesleukin (phase 2), Intra tumoral T4 immunotherapy (phase 1).

At last we can conclude that the recent activities have increased our understanding of the tumor microenvironment, various immunotherapeutic modalities or combination therapy such as chemotherapy with immunotherapy. Researchers are still challenged in exploring innate and adaptive immune systems. In addition, the effects of such modalities in combination of immune based therapy on cancer patients are still exploratory phase. The complete perspective of this therapy treatment has not been realized and/or utilized. In understanding the future of immunotherapy in treating cancer patients Proper preclinical and clinical designs are the important pillars.